A array is a group of related data items that share a common name.
One - Dimensional Arrays :
A list of items can be given one variable name using only one subscript and such variable is called singled subscripted variable or a one-dimensional array. The subscript(index) begin with number 0 (zero)
The general form of one-d array declaration is :
Type array_name [size];
Ex :
int x [5];
x[0] |
| |||||
x[1] | ||||||
x[2] | ||||||
x[3] | ||||||
x[4] |
The general form of initialization of array :
int x[5] = {1,2,3,4,5};
x[0] |
| |||||
x[1] | ||||||
x[2] | ||||||
x[3] | ||||||
x[4] |
/* To find out the sum of given 10 numbers. using arrays */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int a[10],i,sum=0;
clrscr();
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
printf("\n enter the number : ");
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
sum = sum+a[i];
}
printf("\n sum is : %d",sum);
getch();
}
Two - Dimensional Arrays :
There will be situations where a table of values will have to be stored. The general form of declared two-dimensional array :
type array_name [row] [col];
Ex :
int a[3][4];
| a[3][4] | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | cols | ||||||||||||
| 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| rows | |||||||||||||||||
initialization of 2-D array :
int a[3][4] = { {1,2,3,4},{5,6,7,8},{9,1,2,3}};
| a[3][4] | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | cols | ||||||||||||
| 0 |
| ||||||||||||||||
| 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| rows | |||||||||||||||||
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3],i,j;
printf("\n enter matrix a:\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
printf("\n enter matrix b:\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
printf("\n sum of given matrix is :\n");
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
printf(" %3d",c[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
getch();
}
Multi - Dimensional Arrays :
c allows arrays of three or more dimensions. the exact limit is determined by compiler. The general form of a multi dimensional array is
type array_name [s1][s2][s3]...[sm];